Qeybtii 2-aad
Haddii ay ku dhaaftay qeybtii koowaad Halkan dhag sii
Falanqaynta qoraalka Elliott Jubbaland
Qoraalka Elliott ee SAHAL ay buunbuuniso waxaa ka muuqato inuusan baaritaan badan ku sameynin dhulka iyo dadka daggan balse uu si weyn ugu tiirsanaa oo kaliya wixii u sheegayey turjubaankiisa oo sida muuqato ahaa mid kale oo un SAHAL waagaas joogay ahaa, hadallada Elliott qaarkood ayaan soo bandhigi doonaa oo qayb ka mid ah aad si aad ah ula yaabi doontaan, faallo yar ayaanna raacin doonaa inshaa Allaah. Aan bal fiirino Elliott hadalladiisa:
Of the Ogaden in Jubaland the Mohamed Zubeir are the most influential and numerous. They occupy the Afmadu district as far south as the Deshek Wama, and own immense quantities of cattle
The Aulihan tribe frequents the district to the west and south of Serenleh. They are rich in camels as well as cattle, and the Juba River is their main water-supply.
Halkan qabaa’il Ogaadeen ah ayuu ku sheegayaa Rama-adi (aagga Badhaadhe) ilaa Lorian Swamps (Habaasweyne), Afmadow iyo Serenley (Baardheere ayey 6.5km woqooyi ka xigtay)
Faallo: Wax lala yaabo ma aha in Elliot qabaa’ilkaas Ogaaden 1913 uu ku sheego aagga Badhaadhe ilaa Habaasweyne, Afmadow iyo Serenley oo ah woqooyiga Baardheere, sababtoo ah ilaa iyo haddaba qabaa’ilkaas qaarkood waa laga helayaa meelahaas.
Qeybtan wuxuu ku sheegay in Harti 3000 tiradoodu gaareyso oo uu Majeerteen ugu badnaa, xoogaa Warsangeli ah iyo Dhulbahante ahna ay ku jireen ay Lo’ iyo ganacsiba ku haysteen xeebta ilaa Dhasheeg Waamo ilaa xitaa dhanka Bari!
Faallo: Hadalkaas wuxuu u eg yahay mid Elliott loo meeriyey sidii sheekadii naagtii caddaanka ahayd ee aan kor ku soo sheegay iyo Maxamed Abshir ayaa Soomaali Imaam u ah!, sababtoo ah dadka ilaa Hadda Hartiga lagu sheego waa Cowrmale iyo laf Gaaljecel ah oo la yiraahdo Axmed Aadan, waxaa arrintaas kuu caddeynaya labadan arrimood: Haddadaas ayey SAHAL iyo wixii ku fikir ah anagoo ay indhaheenna shanta yihiin noo sheegayaan inay qabaa’ilkaasi Harti yihiin (taasoo asalkii ku timid in Ingiriisku uu ku soo rogay dadka reer baadiyaha qofkii xoolo Kismaayo keensada in la helo qof ka damiin ah haddii kale uusan xoolo iska iibin karin si uu Ingiriisku u yareeyo kala dhaca xoolaha, ninka damiinka ah Rubbiyad -lacagta Hindiya oo markaas Kismayo ka socotay- ayey reer baadiyuhu siin jireen, marka oday Harti ahaa oo magaalada dagganaa ayaa sidaas ku shaqaysan jiray, qof walbow baar arrintaas), tan labaad haddii uu harti 3000 le’eg dhulka dagganaa waagaas aaway tuulooyinkoodi, illeyn gobollada ay caadiga u daggan yihiinba (sida Bari, Nugaal iyo Sool) waa kuwaas ku leh tuulooyinkee, Jubbooyinka ma masaafur ayey ku ahaayeen? Xaggeyse u qaxeen, maxaase kaligood helay? Ma ku dhacay warkaas?
Hawiyaha Jubbooyinka muxuu ka sheegay Elliott
Bal u fiirso hadalka soo socda ee Elliott “Dir iyo Hawiye waxay ku badan yihiin dhulka uu Talyaanigu ka taliyo wayna ku YAR YIHIIN (goormuu tiro koobay) Jubbaland!, inkastoo (Hawiye iyo Dir) lagu sheego inay Soomali yihiin, haddana waa dadkii asalka u lahaan jiray xeebta Banaadir, SOMALIDANA KU QABIIL MA AHA (yacni Dir iyo Hawiye) weyna YAR TAHAY in ay ISGUURSADAAN (iyaga iyo Soomaalida)!” “Dhamaan Somalida Bariga Africa joogta waa LABO REER OO KALIYA, oo ah DAAROOD IYO ISAAQ, Kan hore (waa Daaroodke’e) un bay dad ka joogaan Jubbaland!”
Faallo: Bal been abuurkaas taariikheed eeg, goormuu Elliott soo tira koobay Hawiyaha iyo Dir-ta Jubbooyinka? Halkan waa meesha ay SAHAL ka soo daliishadaan in Hawiyaha iyo Dir-ta Jubbooyinka ay yihiin (minority) ama dad laga tiro badan yahay. Hadda haddii SAHAL nin caddaan ah uu Kismaayo ku dhex wareysto sow Hawiye waa minority meesha lama taagna iyagoon Kismaayo hal tuulo ku lahayn? Waligaa ma aragtay been inta la qoray haddana la daliishanayo, Hawiye iyo Dir haddii aysan Soomaali ahayn oo aysan Soomalida isguursanin, yaa Soomaali ah oo ay Soomaalida is guursadaan? Warka soo socda ee Eliott ayaa ka sii darane bal si fiican u dhuux. “waxaa lagama maarmaan ah inaan ku celiyo in Darood kaliya laga helo Jubbaland, halka Isaaqu uu ku kooban yahay bariga Jubba, Hawiye, Dir iyo qabaa’il kalena iyagu SOOMAALIBA MA AHA, Soomaaliduna way TAKOORTAA iyagoo ISIR HOOSE (dad aan nasab ahayn) ah darteed”.
Faallo: Warkaas ma war gaal Ingiriis ah oo wax baaray ayuu kuula muuqdaa mise war turjubaan SAHAL oo markaas joogay? ISAAQ AYAA BARIGA JUBBALAND DAGGANAA sow lamid ma aha HARTI AYAA GALBEEDKA IYO BARIGA JUBBALAND DAGGANEYD illeen hal bog ayuu Elliott ku wada qoray hadalladaase! Waxay soo daliishadaan SAHAL waa waxaas oo kale, Hawiye iyo Dir waa dad gun ah iyadu ka hadal ma laha oo dadka oo dhan ayaa arka beentaas dharaarta cad ah (xasuuso Maxamed Abshir ayaa Somali Imam u ah). Elliott xaaladdiisa labo un bay mid tahay haddaan rumaysanno in Daarood kaliya joogay Jubbaland, waa in aan rumaysanaa in Somalidu ay tahay oo kaliya Daarood iyo Isaaq, Hawiye iyo Dir-na aysanba Soomali ahayn oo ay yihiin nasab dhiman aan laga guursan illeen waxas oo dhan waa warkii Elliott uu wada qoraye.Nuxurka hadalladii Elliott waxan ku soo kobaynaa qodobadaan:
- In Daarood uu dhulka Jubbaland u badnaa!
- In Isaaq uu Jubba dagganaa!
- In Hawiye iyo Dir ay ku yaraayeen Jubbaland!
- In Darood iyo Isaaq oo kaliya ay yihiin Somalida Bariga Afrika!
- In Hawiye iyo Dir aysan Somaliba ahayn!
- In Hawiye iyo Dir ay yihiin nasab dhiman oo aysan Somalidu (Daarood iyo Isaaq) ka guursan!
Intaas ayaa ku qoran maqaalka Elliott oo 8 bog ahaa, akhyaarey haddaan iri warkani wuxuu u eg yahay war turjubaan SAHAL, ma been baan ku sheegay? Waxan weydiinayaa SAHAL kuween ka qaadanaa lixdaas qodob ee Elliott ee aan kor ku xusay, kuweense ka tagnaa? Ma ka qaadannaa Daarood ayaa Jubbaland u badnaa oo kaliya (waa sida aad rabtaane), Isaaqa Jubbaland dagganaase wax ma u oggoshihiin? Ogow Jubbaland-ta laga hadlayo 60% waxay hadda ka tirsan tahay NFD.
Haddii aan intaas ku dhaafo mataggii Elliott uu u meeriyey turjubaankiisii SAHAL, aan markaan u gudbo dhacdooyinka kale ee ay daliishadaan SAHAL waana Kacdoonkii Ogaadeenka dhacdada la magac baxday, waxay ahayd 1916 ayaa niman Cowliyahan Ogaadeen oo 300 nin ah ayaa Serenley (Baardheere) dusheeda waxay 800 neef oo geel ah ka dhaceen Mareexaan (tolow BILILIQO waagaasna ma jirtay!) 8 ninna way ka dileen, sarkaal Ingiriis ah oo Taneeti Elliott la dhaho (ma aha Elliott-ka wax qoray) oo Serenley haystay ayaa C/raxman Mursal oo nabadoon u ahaa Cowliyahan u yeeray, kuna amray inuu xoolihii soo celiyo diyo 800 neef oo geel ahna uu ka bixiyo raggii uu laayey haddii kale tallaabo laga qaadidoono, taas oo C/raxman Mursal intuu ka xanaaqay uu habeen soo weeraray xeradii Ingiriiska oo ay 40 nin oo ciidan Ugaandheys iyo Hindi ah ay joogeen ayuu ku dilay gaalkii Ingiriiska ahaa ee Elliott iyo dhowr iyo labaatan askartii ka mid iyadoo qoryahooda habeenkii bakhaar ku xereyn jiray oo aan hubaysneyn, ka bacdina ciidan ayuu Ingiriisku ku soo kiciyey oo odayaal laga xirxiray waa arrintaas JIHAADKA ay SAHAL sheegto inay Ingiriiska kula Jihaadeen Jubbooyinka (waa dad xoolo Soomaali leedahay Gedo ku BILILIQAYSTAY oo dad Soomaali ah laayey oo laga soo celinayey, jihaadow xaal qaado!). “It was on the 2nd February 1916, and the day before the Serenli Aulihan, some three hundred strong, raided the Marehan and seized eight hundred of their camels, killing eight Marehan warriors.” Dhacdo kale oo iyaduna ka horreysey tan oo waxaa jirtay meel Chulime la dhaho oo Afmadow 57 mile (91km) u jirta ka dhacday oo iyadana gaal kale oo Ingiriis ah oo la dhihi jiray Arthur Jenner toorrey lagu dilay 16 November 1900, isagoo meesha kormeer ku joogay, ugu danbeyn Ingiriiska xoog ayuu isticmaalay isagoo adeegsaday gaal kale la dhihi jiray Wallace Blake. Haddii aan intaasi ku dhaafno “Jihaadkii” SAHAL ee Jubbooyinka bal aan wax yar ka sheego in SAHAL aysan run ka ahayn waxa ay sheegayso sababtoo ah iyagu waxay isku siiyeen Jubbooyinka hadal uu nin dhulmareen ah qoray laakiin ma u oggol yihiin qabaa’ilka kale dhulkii ay dhulmareennada ku soo arkeen? Eeg qaybtan soo socota.
Ibn Saciid oo ahaa Joqoraafi yahan Marookaan ah wuxuu qoray Qarnigii 13aad in magaalada Marka ay ahayd saldhigga Hawiyaha, 50 tuulo ka badanna uu ku lahaa, ka eeg hadalkaas buuggiisa joqoraafiga ah. Su’aashu waxay tahay muxuu u arki waayey Biyamaal-ka daggan aagga Marka, taasi macnaheedu ma inuusan Biyomaal meesha dagganeen baa? وفي شرقية من بلاد بربرا المشهورة على البحر مركه حيث الطول تسع وستون درجة وثلاثون دقيقة والعرض درجة وعشر دقائق; وأهلها مسلمون وهي قاعدة الهاوية التي تنيف على خمسين قرية ابن سعيد المغربي ولد في عام 1214وتوفي في عام 1286ميلادي .Qarnigii 12aad Mohamed Al-Idrisi (dhul mareen kale) ayaa isna magaalada Marka ku sheegay “Region of Hawiye” gobolkii Hawiye, maxaa isna ka indho tiray Biyomaal-ka, hadday Hawiye wararka nimankaas buunbuuniyaan ka warrama SAHALow oo ay dhahaan Marko annaga ayaa Biyo-maal ka leh? Haddii hadal nin dhul mareen ah dhul lagu milkinayo-waa sida aad ku dooddaane-maxaad u buunbuunisaan iskudhicii ayaan dhawayd Marko ka dhacay (oo dadka walaalaha ah dhexmaray) oo aad Hawiyaha ugu eedeyseen dhulballaarsi, idinkuse maxaad dhulballaarsi isugu sifeyn weydeen mase qirsan tihiin in HAWIYE magaalada MARKO leeyahay illeen dhul mareen ayaa ku soo arkaye? Xaqiiqadu waxay tahay in ragga u warramay 2daas dhulmareen ay ahaayeen niman Hawiye ah, Haddii Vasco Da Gama uu nin reer Boorama ah xeebta Xamar ku arki lahaa oo u sheegi lahaa in reerkoodu daggan yahay xamar, Vasco da Gama wuxuu qori lahaa in beesha Samaroon ay u badan yihiin Xamar, sidaas dhul ma lagu milkiyaa? Akhyaarey ma fahamteen DADBAA MEESHA DAGGANAA OO AY GAALO KU SOO ARAGTAY inaan dhul lagu milkinayn waa haddiiba horta SAHAL jubbooyinka lagu soo arkay oo uusan warku ahayn war turjubaan iyo Maxamed Abshir ayaa Soomaali Imaam u ah? Qodobkii koowaad ee SAHAL halkaas ayuu ku burburay, bal haddana aan u gudbo qodobka labaad.
Dhulka Jubbaland yaa u soo horreeyey oo dagay bilowgii
Kooxda SAHAL waxay ku doodaan in taariikh ilaa 300 sano ah ay dhulka jubbooyinka u leeyihiin laakiin gaalada ay inta badan daliishadaan iyo dadka kale ee taariikhda wax ka qora ma ku raacsan yihiin? Jawaabtu waa maya aan ku bilowno saaxiibkood (ninka ay aad u daliishadaan) Elliott, Elliott wuxuu leeyahay in qiyaastii 1842 ay Somalidu weerer ku qaadaadeen Galla ka bacdina la jebiyey Somalidii ilaa 1845-na uu dagaalku socday ka dibna ay Somaalidu shardi ku xirtay in ay la heshiiso Galla Haddii uu u oggolaado inay dhulka wax ka dagto taasina ay ahayd shirqool, aakhirkiina Galla lagala wareegay dhulka(Tolow 300 sano xaggey SAHAL ka keenytay?) waa kan hadalkii Eliott oo English ah: “About 1842 the Somali crossed the Juba, attacked the Gala, and were defeated with great loss. These attacks were continued until 1845, when the Somali offered peace on condition that they should be allowed to inhabit Jubaland side by side with the Gala. The Gala foolishly consented to this. In 1848 the Somali treacherously broke the agreement, and drove the Gala southward and westward”
Nin aan qiyaasayo inuu Ogaadeen yahay oo buug qalin jabin (Thesis) taariikh ah u gudbinayey mid ka mid ah jaamacadaha caanka ah ee adduunka ayaa buuggiisa uga hadlay arrinta Galla iyo dadkii ceyriyey oo uu isagu Ogaadeen iyo dad kale ku sheegay laakiin wuxuusan inkirin oo uu si cad u sheegay in Ogaadeenku ay dhulka wabiga Jubba ku yimaadeen iyagoo SHEEGAD u ah dadkii markaas dagganaa oo uu ku tilmaamay Digil iyo Mirifle oo markaas dhulka awood ku lahaa, waana kan hadalkiisii:
“The Ogadens who were among the first Somali clans to have displaced the Galla from Jubaland came in two major waves.4 The first wave commenced in the early l800s and was characterised by slow penetration in which the search for grazing has been cited as the main reason behind the migration. At this stage the Ogaden were a small group that became sheegats (clientship) of the dominant Rahanwein clan who were settled in the upper reaches of the Juba river.”Qoraalkan waxaan ka soo qaatay Thesis lagu magacaabo “Colonial policies and the failure of Somali secessionism in the Northern frontier district of Kenya colony” oo uu qoray ABDIRASHID ABDULLAHI
Waxaa lagama maarmaan ah in aan fahanno dhulka Jubbaland wabiga Jubba ayaa xad u ahayd, dhulku magaca Jubbaland ayuu wada wataa laakiin ogow dhulka Galla laga eryey waxa ku jira Wajeer ilaa Habasweyne (Lorian Swamps) ee wabiga Jubba dhinacyadiisa (Luuq iyo Doolow) waa meesha uu qoraagu leeyahay Ogaadeen Rahaweyn ayuu ku sheegan jiray, aaway 300 sano ee SAHAL haddii bilowgii qarnigii tagay uu Ogaaden Raxaweyn sheegan jiray? Mar haddii aad ogaatay in 300 sano ee ay SAHAL sheegto ay tahay indhacaddeys iyo dhul boob bal si fiican u dhuux qaybta soo socota ee ka hadlaysa in xataa Galla dhulka ay Soomaali kale ugu sii horreysay, tolow SAHAL maxay ku doodi doonaan haddiiba Galla-ha ay lahaayeen annagaa dhulka ka eryannay lagaba sii horeeyey! Dadka taariikhda Jubbooyinka wax ka qoray way ku kala qaybsan yihiin arrinta soo kala horreynta, qaar waxay sheegaan in dhulka ay dagganaayeen dad loo yaqaannay Galla oo ay qaarkood ku sheegaan Oromo (Boran, Randiile,Sakuye, iwm), laakiin Elliott (SAHAL ninka ay daliishadaan) isagu wuxuu ku sheegayaa in Galla loo yaqaannay magaca Warday sida ka muuqata hadalka soo socda, taas oo caddeyn u ah (dhabar jabna ku ah SAHAL) in waxa Galla lagu hayaba ay ahayd Warday-da Dir-ta ah ee haddaba daggan dhulka Jubbooyinka.
Qaar kalana sida ninka lagu magacaabo Turton waxay leeyahay in dhulka Liibaan (Somalida Ethiopia ee xiga Kenya) ilaa woqooyiga Kenya (Jubbaland ku jirto) wax cag dhiga oo Soomaali ah waxii ugu horeeyey ay ahaayeen qabaa’ilka ay taariikh yahannadu u bixiyeen (Pre-Hawiye Clans), oo geel dhaqato ahaa kuwaas oo xataa Galla uga sii horreeyey dhulkaas, Pre-Hawiye oo ah qabaa’il Hawiye ah iyo qaar Digil iyo Mirifle ah kuwaas oo kala ah Garre, Saraansoor (Gaaljecel iyo Dagoodiye), Xawaadle, Cowr-male, Ajuuraan, Giilaale, Hoon, Hubeer iyo kuwo kale waa kan Turton (eeg Turton buuggiisa: Bantu, Galla and Somali Migration in the Horn of Africa ) oo la soo xiganayo:
Eeg hadalkan kale ee Turton ee sheegaya in Garre uu Galla uga horreeyey dhulka wabiga Jubba iyo wabiga Tana u dhexeeya(Jubbaland), uuna ka riixay dhulkaas dad afka Bantu (sida sawaaxiliga) ku hadla:
It is suggested that Garre or proto-Garre Somali gained control of the area between the Juba and the Tana rivers before the Galla arrived in this area, and that in the process the Garre were responsible for pushing Bantu-speaking peoples back to the river Tana- SAHALow Turton ma wuxuu ahaa Digil iyo Mirifle ay Hawiye iyo Dir dabada ka riixayeen? Waxaa la yaab ahayd markii ayaan dhexdaas ah ay odayaal beesha Xawaadle ah dhaheen waa in arrimaha Jubbooyinka si caddaalad ah loo maamulaa, nin Isaaq ahna uu ka mid noqday xisbi la dhaho Wamo Party, kooxda SAHAL ayaa hal mar af labdii dhawaaqday, ma Xawadle iyo Isaaq ayaa manta Jubbooyinka sheeganaya waa adduun gaddoon ayey ku hadaaqday kooxda ay qabyaaladdu madax martay, laakiin waxaan leenahay adduunka ama ha gaddoomo ama ha taagnaado waxa marqaati leh in ay jiraan jilibyo Xawaadle ah oo aan Hiiran daginba sida Alla-Gumar oo kale oo waligood dagganaa Jubbooyinka gaar ahaan aagga Saakow, Isaaqna waa Dir wixii Leelkase iyo Warsangeli keenay ayaa keenay, waa sheekada Axmed Godane iyo Axmed Madoobe laga yaabo inay isku shuufeen ee ah aniga iyo adiguba reer aan qaraabo nahay oo Jubbooyinka daggan (Biyamaal iyo Absame) ayaan u soo fitno tagnay ee ogow Jubbooyinka igama lihid ayey sheekada Axmed Godane u eg tahay……………..La soco qaybta saddexaad berri Insha Allah.
W/Q: Abdi Osman
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